Women who have small or medium breasts and whose breasts are emptied through milking after postpartum are ideal patients for breast augmentation. Patients with a medium or larger breast and sagging in their breasts are considered in a separate group. In such patients, prosthesis placement is often required. A breast enlargement surgery is usually preferred by young and middle-aged patients. As a rule, breast development is expected to complete itself. Prosthetic surgery is not performed before 18 years except in special cases. If breasts have completed their growth, prosthetic operations can be performed after 18 years of age. Silicone prostheses are often used for breast augmentation. Silicone prostheses have undergone a major change since their initial production. Since 1993, fifth generation prostheses have been used. In previous models, common gel leakage, prosthesis burst, deforming prostheses are not seen in the last generation prostheses. Manufacturer companies provide a lifetime guarantee. The rate of capsular contractures, which cannot be solved, is minimized. The characteristics of the fifth-generation prostheses are cohesive, in other words, they contain a little fluidity, their denture surfaces are rough, shapes are anatomical or round, and they can maintain their shape when they are in the body.

Breast augmentation surgery is performed under general anesthesia. The duration of the operation lasts about 1 to 1.5 hours. However, breast augmentation surgeries are among the least allowed procedures. A 4-5 cm incision is made to place the prosthesis. Prostheses can be placed under the breast, under the nipple or under the armpits. A very rare application is the placement of a prosthesis through the umbilicus. The prostheses are placed under the muscles in patients who are thin and subtle. The upper part of the prosthesis is under the muscle and the lower part is under the breast. This method is called dual-plan and this technique is preferred mostly in modern breast surgery. In patients whose subcutaneous tissue is sufficiently thick, prosthesis may be placed under the breast tissue or muscle membrane (fascia).

There is almost no pain when the prosthesis is placed on the muscle. Subcutaneous applications are more painful. However, long acting and strong drugs are given during surgery to minimize the pain. Thanks to these, the patient does not feel severe pain when he/she wakes up. The pain becomes more perceivable the next day. However, it can be controlled with painkillers.  Pain can last up to 3 days. In the following days, it is often the feeling of pressure rather than the disturbing pain, and this may be felt for the first 3 weeks depending on the size of the prosthesis and the tension of the patient's skin. There may sometimes be temporary sensations of loss or hypersensitivity in the nipple. These complaints usually resolve within a few months. Permanent sensations of loss are very rare. The most important reason for loss of feelings is the use of excessively large prostheses. Early bleeding, infection, wound healing problems may occur. However, these are rare problems. The most common long-term problems in breast prostheses are capsular contracture, symmetry disorders and aesthetic problems. Prosthetic leakage and blowups are no longer observed in good brand prostheses, and brands such as Allergan and Mentor guarantee a lifetime product warranty.

The capsule contracture is body’s perceiving the prosthesis as a foreign object and surrounding it with a hard capsule and pushing it aside. When capsule contracture develops, it leads to hardening, asymmetry and disorder in appearance in the breast due to its intensity. The incidence varies between 1% and 5%. If it occurs, the patient must be repeated and the capsule removed and the prosthesis replaced. If it repeats, it can be operated once again, but the prosthesis procedure is canceled when it is repeated for the third time. Stubborn capsules are not very common. Capsule ratios are low in new generation prostheses.

In addition, capsules develop less under the circumstances of operations performed through the incisions under the breast, subcutaneous applications and prostheses with rough surfaces.

The use of an elaborate technique in the surgery and the absence of exaggerated size prostheses also reduce the risk of capsules. Other problems that may be encountered after prosthesis include asymmetries, the appearance of prostheses from the outside, fluctuations on the prosthesis, the patient's being not satisfied with the size of the prostheses and the breasts not looking natural. These problems can be mitigated by the use of extra-large prostheses, use of fifth generation form stable prostheses, placement of prostheses under the muscle tissues on the patients who are thin and careful surgery.